This working paper analyzes provincial-level carbon neutrality pathways across 30 Chinese provinces using the Energy Policy Simulator (EPS) model. It develops two scenarios—a Policy Scenario reflecting the "1+N" policy framework, and a Dual Carbon Scenario aligned with 2060 carbon neutrality—to project emissions trajectories, sectoral peak years, and decarbonization potentials. The analysis finds that all provinces can peak CO₂ emissions before 2030 under current policies, with industry peaking first, while transportation and buildings peak later depending on power sector decarbonization. It identifies significant variation in emissions reduction potential across provinces for high-emitting industries (cement, steel, non-ferrous, chemicals) and total GHG emissions, and highlights that industrial electrification and renewable power expansion are the most effective mitigation policies through 2060.

This policy brief observes and compares the green and low-carbon action plans for the building sector across China's provinces during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. It collects and systematically compares policy documents, including building sector plans and dual-carbon top-level designs, from all 31 provincial-level regions. Key indicators related to building energy consumption and emissions, such as green building targets, energy efficiency, and renewable energy use, are identified and benchmarked against national goals to assess the overall ambition and regional variations in policy efforts.

This guidebook helps newcomers understand and navigate the UN Climate Change Conference (COP). It breaks down the complex event into digestible sections, explaining key concepts (what COP is, its zones, participants, and the negotiation process), provides actionable advice for media on how to effectively cover the event (before, during, and after), and offers strategies for civil society organizations to gain media attention, all aimed at enabling effective participation and reporting.

This report offers a comparative analysis of the methodologies and results associated with the most recently released China carbon emissions data by ten domestic and foreign research institutions. This data was directly or indirectly calculated using official Chinese sources, and is timely, continuous, and consistent, allowing analysts to track, evaluate, forecast, and perform international comparisons of China’s carbon emissions. This report focuses on energy-related CO2 emissions and includes the following features: 1) The analysis is based on the latest methodology and emissions data released by each institution as of the first quarter of 2023; 2) The analysis includes the carbon emissions databases released by domestic Chinese research institutions in recent years; 3) The report maps out energy data sources and relations between databases, and provides an analysis of differences in energy data accounting methods. In addition, this report estimates China’s 2013-2021 annual serial baseline carbon emissions data based on official data and uses this as a benchmark to measure the gaps between the carbon emissions data of each institution and China’s official data. The report finds that the carbon emissions calculated in all databases are either directly or indirectly based on China's official energy statistics, but no organization currently has emission accounting boundaries that are fully consistent with official Chinese boundaries. The report finds that when compared to China's official emission accounts, international research institutions generally report higher carbon emissions. These discrepancies in carbon emission data are primarily due to differences in accounting boundaries, emissions factors, accounting methods, energy data sources, sectoral divisions, fuel classifications, and calorific value used to convert fuel use to standard units.

These factsheets provides an overview of provincial climate action and progress in China, with the goal of tracking how subnational regions are implementing policies to achieve national dual carbon targets. They draw on the China Carbon Neutrality Tracker database, which compiles policy documents from government sources at national, provincial, and municipal levels. For each province, the factsheets compile basic socioeconomic data, historical emission trends, decoupling status, climate targets from the 14th Five‑Year Plan, implementation performance during the 13th Five‑Year Plan period, and a list of relevant local policies. The analysis also uses official energy statistics to calculate energy‑related carbon emissions and applies the Energy Policy Simulator to model future emission pathways under different scenarios. By systematically comparing provincial development indicators, mitigation performance, and policy ambition, the factsheets aim to assess regional disparities and the overall effectiveness of subnational climate governance in driving progress toward China’s national climate commitments.

This report assesses provincial climate action across 30 regions. It finds that one‑third have achieved GDP‑emissions decoupling, though per‑capita emissions still rose in most provinces. The report documents that 27 provinces have established dual‑carbon frameworks and that 449 climate plans cover energy, transport, industry, and buildings. It also finds that most provinces overperformed on their 2015–2020 carbon and energy intensity targets, yet none have developed carbon neutrality roadmaps. Using Energy Policy Simulator modeling, the report shows that Guangdong can peak before 2025 and Jiangxi around 2030, but both face significant gaps toward 2060 neutrality. To address these challenges, the report recommends long‑term local planning, non‑CO₂ mitigation, and cross‑regional best‑practice sharing.